Cancer Immunotherapy: Utilize B7 and Butyrophilin Family Proteins

The B7 family and other T cell co-stimulatory/co-inhibitory molecules are widely recognized as therapeutic targets for regulating the immune response. Butyrophilins are a novel class of co-stimulatory/co-inhibitory molecules that are structurally related to the B7 family and appear to have similar immunomodulatory functions. These parallels suggest that the butyrophilins or their receptors may also serve as drug targets. Recognizing this potential, R&D Systems exclusively offers bioactive recombinant butyrophilin proteins to further research on these molecules. Use our industry-leading proteins to modulate immune responses, identify binding partners for orphan B7 and butyrophilin family members, and discover novel drugs for immune checkpoint blockade.

Immune Checkpoint Blockade Homepage

Modulate Immune Responses

In addition to our blocking antibodies, our collection of recombinant B7 and butyrophilin proteins are ideal tools for modulating immune responses in your immune checkpoint blockade research. Click the buttons below to browse our recombinant protein selection and explore our T Cell Co-Signaling interactive pathway. The molecules in our interactive pathways link directly to products, making it easy to find the reagents you need!

B7 Proteins

Butyrophilin Proteins

T Cell Co-Signaling Ligand-Receptor Interactions

Gi24/VISTA/B7-H5 Inhibits Anti-CD3-Induced IL-2 Secretion in Human T Lymphocytes. Human T lymphocytes were treated with Mouse Anti-Human CD3ε Monoclonal Antibody (0.5 μg/mL, Catalog # MAB100) and increasing concentrations of Recombinant Mouse Gi24/VISTA/B7-H5 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 7005-B7). IL-2 secretion was measured using the Human IL-2 Quantikine® ELISA Kit (Catalog # D2050).

Identify Binding Partners for B7 and Butyrophilin Family Members

Several B7 and butyrophilin family members, including B7-H3, B7-H4, VISTA/B7-H5, BTN1A1, BTN2A2, BTN3A1, BTNL2, BTNL1, and BTNL8, have been shown to modulate T cell proliferation and cytokine production, but the binding partners through which they act remain unknown. Use the highest-quality proteins available to identify B7 and butyrophilin binding partners and determine if they can be targeted to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Click the buttons below to browse our recombinant protein selection.

BTN3A1 Binds to Activated Human T Cells. Human CD3+ T cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using the MagCellect™ Human CD3+ T Cell Isolation Kit (Catalog # MAGH101) and stimulated with immobilized Mouse Anti-Human CD3ε Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB100; 1 ug/mL) for 48 hours. Resting T cells (left) or activated T cells (right) were incubated with Recombinant Human BTN3A1/CD277 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 8539-BT) or Recombinant Human IgG1-Fc (Catalog # 110-HG) for 1 hr. Protein binding to the cell surface was analyzed by flow cytometry using a biotinylated goat anti-human IgG Fc antibody and PE-conjugated Streptavidin (Catalog # F0040).

Discover Novel Drugs

The superior bioactivity and purity of R&D Systems^® Proteins makes them the obvious choice for screening potential new drugs.

BTN1A1 and BTN3A1 Inhibit Anti-CD3-Induced IL-2 Production by Human T Cells in a Manner Similar to B7-H1/PD-L1. Human T cells were incubated with immobilized Mouse Anti-Human CD3ε Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB100; 1 ug/mL) and the indicated concentrations of (A) Recombinant Human BTN1A1 (Catalog # 8467-BT), (B) Recombinant Human BTN3A1/CD277 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 8539-BT), or (C) Recombinant Human B7-H1/PD-L1 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 156-B7). IL-2 secretion was measured in cell culture supernatants using the Human IL-2 Quantikine® ELISA Kit (Catalog # D2050). The ED50 for this effect is typically 0.5-2.5 ug/mL for Recombinant Human BTN1A1, 1-5 ug/mL for Recombinant Human BTN3A1/CD277, and 2-10 ug/mL for Recombinant Human B7-H1/PD-L1. The purity of (A) Recombinant Human BTN1A1 (Catalog # 8467-BT; 1 ug/lane), (B) Recombinant Human BTN3A1/CD277 (Catalog # 8539-BT; 1 ug/lane), and (C) Recombinant Human B7-H1/PD-L1 (Catalog # 156-B7; 1 ug/lane) was assessed by SDS-PAGE analysis under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by silver staining (inset).