Human/Mouse RGM-C/Hemojuvelin Antibody Summary
Gln36-Asp400
Accession # Q6ZVN8
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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RGM‑C/Hemojuvelin in HepG2 Human Cell Line. RGM-C/Hemojuvelin was detected in immersion fixed HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line using Goat Anti-Human/Mouse RGM-C/Hemojuvelin Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3720) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: RGM-C/Hemojuvelin
RGM-C, also known as hemojuvelin, is a member of the repulsive guidance molecule (RGM) family of GPI-linked neuronal and muscle membrane glycoproteins (1, 2). RGM-C is expressed in striated muscle and periportal hepatocytes (3-5). The protein undergoes partial cleavage intracellularly, resulting in a disulfide-linked dimer of the 14 kDa N-terminal and 33 kDa C-terminal portions (4, 6, 7). The N-terminal fragment contains an RGD motif, while the C-terminal fragment carries the GPI attachment site (4, 7). Two alternatively spliced isoforms lack either approximately half or the entire N-terminal fragment. Full length RGM-C can also be released from the cell and circulates in the blood (6, 8). RGM-C is disrupted in type 2A juvenile hemochromatosis, a hereditary iron homeostasis disorder characterized by excessive iron accumulation (5). In mouse, loss of RGM-C function results in decreased expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepicidin and increased iron deposition in liver, pancreas, and heart (5, 9). Membrane associated RGM-C upregulates hepicidin while soluble RGM-C downregulates hepicidin expression (8). This appears to be an iron-responsive regulatory system, as high blood iron levels reduce the amount of soluble RGM-C produced (8). RGM-C, similar to RGM-A, associates with neogenin (7). Disease-related point mutations can prevent internal RGM-C cleavage or its ability to interact with neogenin (6, 7). Experimental inflammatory conditions result in decreased RGM-C expression and increased hepicidin expression, although the two effects occur independently (5, 10). RGM-C also functions as a BMP coreceptor and enhances BMP-2 and BMP-4 signaling (11). In this context, RGM-C enhances the BMP-2 upregulation of hepatic hepicidin (11). Mature human RGM-C shares 89% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat RGM-C. It shares 49% and 44% aa sequence identity with human RGM-A and RGM-B, respectively.
- Papanikolaou, G. et al. (2004) Nat. Genet. 36:77.
- Schmidtmer, J. and D. Engelkamp (2004) Gene Exp. Patterns 4:105.
- Oldekamp, J. et al. (2004) Gene Exp. Patterns 4:283.
- Niederkofler, V. et al. (2004) J. Neurosci. 24:808.
- Niederkofler, V. et al. (2005) J. Clin. Invest. 115:2180.
- Kuninger, D. et al. (2006) J. Cell Sci. 119:3273.
- Zhang, A.S. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:33885.
- Lin, L. et al. (2005) Blood 106:2884.
- Huang, F.W. et al. (2005) J. Clin. Invest. 115:2187.
- Krijt, J. et al. (2004) Blood 104:4308.
- Babitt, J.L. et al. (2006) Nat. Genet. 38:531.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human/Mouse RGM-C/Hemojuvelin Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Functional diversity of TMPRSS6 isoforms and variants expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines
Authors: SP Dion, F Béliveau, LP Morency, A Désilets, R Najmanovic, R Leduc
Sci Rep, 2018-08-22;8(1):12562.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Transcriptome analysis reveals TMPRSS6 isoforms with distinct functionalities
Authors: SP Dion, F Béliveau, A Désilets, MG Ghinet, R Leduc
J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2018-02-14;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
A novel validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to quantify soluble hemojuvelin in mouse serum
Authors: Wenjie Chen, Chia Chi Sun, Shanzhuo Chen, Delphine Meynard, Jodie L Babitt, Herbert Y Lin
Haematologica
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Statement of Concern about a Commercial Assay Used to Measure Soluble Hemojuvelin in Humans
Authors: Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Chia Chi Sun, Wenjie Chen, Jodie L. Babitt, Herbert Y. Lin
American Journal of Nephrology
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Downregulation of hemojuvelin prevents inhibitory effects of bone morphogenetic proteins on iron metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: Maegdefrau U, Arndt S, Kivorski G, Hellerbrand C, Bosserhoff AK
Lab. Invest., 2011-08-22;91(11):1615-23.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates, Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P, Western Blot
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