Human GDF-15 Antibody

Catalog #: MAB9571 Datasheet / COA / SDS

Catalog #	Availability	Size / Price	Qty
MAB9571-100
MAB9571-SP

GDF‑15 in HepG2 and U937 Human Cell Lines.

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Human GDF-15 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity

Human

Specificity

Detects human GDF-15 in direct ELISAs.

Source

Monoclonal Mouse IgG_2B Clone # 147640

Purification

Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Immunogen

Chinese hamster ovary cell line CHO-derived recombinant human GDF-15
Ala197-Ile308
Accession # Q99988

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Label

Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration

Sample

Immunocytochemistry

8-25 µg/mL

See below

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Immunocytochemistry

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GDF‑15 in HepG2 and U937 Human Cell Lines. GDF-15 was detected in immersion fixed HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (positive) and U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line (negative control) using Mouse Anti-Human GDF-15 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB9571) at 8 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL007) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.

Reconstitution Calculator

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: GDF-15

Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15), also called Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1), placental transforming growth factor-beta, prostate-derived factor, and placental bone morphogenetic protein, is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta ) superfamily. GDF-15 is highly expressed in placenta and is expressed at lower levels in kidney, pancreas, prostate and colon. It is also widely expressed in brain. Similarly to other TGF-beta family proteins, GDF-15 is synthesized as a large precursor protein that is cleaved at the dibasic cleavage site (RXXR) to release the carboxy-terminal domain. The carboxy-terminal domain of GDF-15 contains the characteristic seven conserved cysteine residues necessary for the formation of the cysteine knot and the single interchain disulfide bond. Furthermore, the carboxy-terminal domain contains two additional cysteine residues that form a fourth intrachain disulfide bond. Biologically active GDF-15 is a disulfide-linked homodimer of the carboxy-terminal 112 amino acid residues. Mature human GDF-15 shares 66.1% and 68.7% amino acid sequence similarity with rat and mouse GDF-15, respectively, which are remarkably low homologies between species in TGF-beta superfamily. GDF-15 has been shown to have various functions, including inhibition of production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ) from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, induction of cartilage formation, early-stage endochonadal bone formation, and promotion of neuronal survival.

References

Bootcov, M.R. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:11514.
Böttner, M. et al. (1999) Gene 237:105.
Fairlie, W.D. et al. (1998) J. Leukoc. Biol 65:2.
Fairlie, W.D. et al. (2001) J B.C 20:16911.
Bauskin, A.R. et al. (2000) EMBO J. 19:2212.
Strelau, J. et al. (2000) J. Neurosci. 20:8597.
Schober, A. et al. (2001) J. Comp. Neurol. 439:32.

Long Name

Growth Differentiation Factor 15

Entrez Gene IDs

9518 (Human); 23886 (Mouse); 29455 (Rat)

Alternate Names

GDF15; GDF-15; growth differentiation factor 15; growth/differentiation factor 15; Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1; MIC-1; MIC-1NSAID-activated gene 1 protein; MIC1Prostate differentiation factor; NAG-1; NAG-1NSAID-regulated gene 1 protein; NSAID (nonsteroidal inflammatory drug)-activated protein 1; PDF; PDFGDF-15; PLAB; PLABNRG-1; Placental bone morphogenetic protein; Placental TGF-beta; PTGF-beta; PTGFBPTGF-beta