Mouse PD-1 Antibody Summary
*Small pack size (-SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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Detection of PD‑1 in Mouse Splenocytes by Flow Cytometry. Mouse splenocytes treated with 5 µg/mL PHA for 3 days were stained with Rat Anti-Mouse PD-1 Mono-clonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB7738, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (MAB006, open histogram), followed by Allophycocyanin-conjugated Anti-Rat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0113).
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Detection of PD‑1 in EL‑4 cells by Flow Cytometry EL‑4 cells were stained with Rat Anti-Mouse PD‑1 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB7738, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (Catalog # MAB006, open histogram) followed by Fluorescein-conjugated Anti-Rat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0104B). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.
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Detection of PD‑1 in Mouse Thymus. PD‑1 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of mouse thymus using Rat Anti-Mouse PD‑1 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB7738) at 1 µg/ml for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Rat IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC005). Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using VisUCyte Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # VCTS021). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to the membrane. View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.
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Preparation and Storage
Background: PD-1
Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) is a type I transmembrane protein belonging to the CD28/CTLA-4 family of immunoreceptors that mediate signals for regulating immune responses (1). Other members of this family include CD28, CTLA-4, and ICOS (2-4). PD-1 is most closely related to CTLA-4 and shares approximately 24% amino acid (aa) sequence identity. The mouse PD-1 gene encodes a 288 aa protein with a putative 20 aa signal peptide, a 149 aa extracellular region with one immunoglobulin-like V-type domain, a 21 aa transmembrane domain, and a 98 aa cytoplasmic region. The cytoplasmic tail contains two tyrosine residues that form the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) that are important in mediating PD-1 signaling. Mouse and human PD-1 share approximately 69% aa sequence identity. Two B7 family proteins, PD-L1 (also called B7-H1) and PD-L2, have been identified as PD-1 ligands (5, 6). PD-1 is expressed on activated T cells, B cells, myeloid cells, and on a subset of thymocytes. PD-1 deficient mice have a defect in peripheral tolerance and spontaneously develop autoimmune diseases. Binding of PD-1 to PD-L1 or PD-L2 results in the inhibition of TCR-mediated proliferation and cytokine production as well as BCR-mediated signaling. PD-1 likely has an inhibitory role in regulating immune responses (1-4).
- Ishida, Y. et al. (1992) EMBO J. 11:3887.
- Sharpe, A.H. and G.J. Freeman (2002) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2:116.
- Coyle, A. and J. Gutierrez-Ramos (2001) Nat. Immunol. 2:203.
- Nishimura, H. and T. Honjo (2001) Trends Immunol. 22:265.
- Latchman Y. et al. (2001) Nat. Immun. 2:261.
- Tamura, H. et al. (2001) Blood 97:1809.
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