Mouse Dkk-4 Antibody Summary
Leu19-Ile221 (Arg67Ser, Arg70Ser)
Accession # Q8VEJ3
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: Dkk-4
Dickkopf related protein 4 (Dkk-4) is a member of the Dickkopf protein family that includes Dkk-1, -2, -3, and -4 and a related protein, Soggy (1). Expression of Dkk-4 has only been shown with sensitive PCR techniques during early embryonic development in mice (2), in differentiated human ES cells (3), or in mice that express dominant-active beta -catenin elevating Wnt signaling in the forebrain (4). Dkk proteins are secreted proteins that are synthesized as precursors with an N-terminal signal peptide; all have two conserved cysteine-rich domains separated by a linker region which contains a potential furin type proteolytic cleavage site. The domains contain 10 cysteines each; prokineticin and colipase families show a configuration of cysteines similar to the second motif (5). Mouse Dkk-4 shows 91%, 72% and 71% amino acid (aa) identity with rat, human and canine Dkk-4, respectively, and 40‑46% aa identity with other mouse Dkk proteins. Dkk-4 is predicted as a 25 kDa protein, but transfection of 293T cells produces a shorter (15‑17 kDa) form containing only the second cysteine-rich domain, as well as longer (30‑32 and 40 kDa) forms that do not appear to be glycosylated or form covalent multimers (1). Of the four Dkk proteins, Dkk-4 is the most like Dkk-1. Both are unequivocal antagonists of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (1, 6), which is activated by Wnt protein engagement of a receptor complex composed of the Frizzled proteins and one of two low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins, LRP5 or LRP6 (7). Dkk-1 and Dkk-4 antagonize Wnt by direct high-affinity binding to LRP5/6, forming ternary complexes of LRP5/6 with the Kremens protein Krm2. Internalization of the complex is triggered, making LRP5/6 unavailable for interaction with Wnt ligands (6‑9).
- Krupnik, V.E. et al. (1999) Gene 238:301.
- Kemp, C. et al. (2005) Dev. Dyn. 233:1064.
- Katoh, Y. and M. Katoh (2005) Int. J. Mol. Med. 16:477.
- Diep, D.B. et al. (2004) Dev. Brain Res. 153:261.
- Bullock, C.M. et al. (2004) Mol. Pharmacol. 65:582.
- Mao, B. and C. Niehrs (2003) Gene 302:179.
- Logan, C.Y. and R. Nusse (2004) Ann. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 20:781.
- Mao, B. et al. (2002) Nature 417:664.
- Mao, B. et al. (2001) Nature 411:321.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Mouse Dkk-4 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Molecular dynamics of Dkk4 modulates Wnt action and regulates Meibomian gland development
Authors: David Schlessing
Development, 2016-11-18;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC -
The effects of Dickkopf-4 on the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of osteoblasts.
Authors: Hiramitsu S, Terauchi M, Kubota T
Endocrinology, 2013-10-08;154(12):4618-26.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot
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