Human Myeloperoxidase/MPO Antibody Summary
Ala49-Ser745
Accession # P05164
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
Detection of Human Myeloperoxidase/MPO by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of HL-60 human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line and human neutrophil. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human Myeloperoxidase/MPO Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3174) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF019). A specific band was detected for Myeloperoxidase/MPO at approximately 60-65 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 2.
Myeloperoxidase/MPO in HL‑60 Human Cell Line. Myeloperoxidase/MPO was detected in immersion fixed HL‑60 human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line (positive staining) and HDLM‑2 human Hodgkin’s lymphoma cell line (negative staining) using Goat Anti-Human Myeloperoxidase/MPO Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3174) at 1.7 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. Staining was performed using our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.
Detection of Human Myeloperoxidase/MPO by Simple WesternTM. Simple Western lane view shows lysates of human neutrophils, loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for Myeloperoxidase/MPO at approximately 65 kDa (as indicated) using 5 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human Myeloperoxidase/MPO Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3174) followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF109). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.
Detection of Mouse Myeloperoxidase/MPO by Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence Cathelicidins induce platelet–neutrophil interactions. a–h Co-incubation experiments. Human platelets were pretreated with LL-37 or scrambled control peptide (Scra) and platelet–neutrophil interactions were analyzed. a–e Flow cytometry analysis of a platelet–neutrophil aggregates formation (n = 9), b platelet–neutrophil aggregates in the presence of a blocking antibody against P-selectin and respective isotype control (n = 5), c CD11b expression on neutrophils, d neutrophil intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), e shedding of neutrophil L-selectin (n = 4). TNF alpha (50 ng/mL) served as positive control. f–h Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation assay. f Representative epifluorescence image of a NET. DAPI (nuclear stain, blue), myeloperoxidase (MPO, red), and citrullinated histone H3 (citH3, green). Bar, 10 µm. g NET formation was induced by platelets that were pretreated with LL-37 or a GPVI-activating antibody (HGP4C9). Upper row (DAPI nuclear stain, white), middle row (MPO, red), and bottom row (merged image of DAPI in blue, and MPO in red). Arrowheads indicate NET. Bar, 10 µm. h Quantitative analysis of NET formation (n = 4). i, j Interactions of mouse cells. i Platelet–neutrophil aggregates formation of mouse neutrophils with platelets isolated from wild type (WT) or P-selectin deficient mice (n = 7). j Platelet–neutrophil aggregates formation after co-incubation of isolated WT platelets with PMA (50 µmol/L) activated neutrophils of WT or CRAMP−/− mice (n = 4). Graphs show mean and SEM. P-values were determined by one-way repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (a–c), paired t-test (d, e), ANOVA on Ranks/Dunn’s method (h) or Mann–Whitney U-test (i, j) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29670076), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Detection of Mouse Myeloperoxidase/MPO by Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence Cathelicidins induce platelet–neutrophil interactions. a–h Co-incubation experiments. Human platelets were pretreated with LL-37 or scrambled control peptide (Scra) and platelet–neutrophil interactions were analyzed. a–e Flow cytometry analysis of a platelet–neutrophil aggregates formation (n = 9), b platelet–neutrophil aggregates in the presence of a blocking antibody against P-selectin and respective isotype control (n = 5), c CD11b expression on neutrophils, d neutrophil intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), e shedding of neutrophil L-selectin (n = 4). TNF alpha (50 ng/mL) served as positive control. f–h Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation assay. f Representative epifluorescence image of a NET. DAPI (nuclear stain, blue), myeloperoxidase (MPO, red), and citrullinated histone H3 (citH3, green). Bar, 10 µm. g NET formation was induced by platelets that were pretreated with LL-37 or a GPVI-activating antibody (HGP4C9). Upper row (DAPI nuclear stain, white), middle row (MPO, red), and bottom row (merged image of DAPI in blue, and MPO in red). Arrowheads indicate NET. Bar, 10 µm. h Quantitative analysis of NET formation (n = 4). i, j Interactions of mouse cells. i Platelet–neutrophil aggregates formation of mouse neutrophils with platelets isolated from wild type (WT) or P-selectin deficient mice (n = 7). j Platelet–neutrophil aggregates formation after co-incubation of isolated WT platelets with PMA (50 µmol/L) activated neutrophils of WT or CRAMP−/− mice (n = 4). Graphs show mean and SEM. P-values were determined by one-way repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (a–c), paired t-test (d, e), ANOVA on Ranks/Dunn’s method (h) or Mann–Whitney U-test (i, j) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29670076), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Detection of Mouse Myeloperoxidase/MPO by Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence Cathelicidins are present in human and mouse arterial thrombi. a, b Representative images of coronary artery thrombi isolated from five patients with acute myocardial infarction. a Immunohistochemistry for LL-37 indicated enrichment within leukocytes (arrowhead), but also stained leukocyte-free areas (asterisk). Bars, 200 µm (overview) and 10 µm (magnification). b Immunofluorescence analysis of LL-37 (red), myeloperoxidase (MPO, yellow), CD41 (platelets, green), and DAPI (nuclei, blue). Bar, 10 µm. c, d Representative images of murine carotid artery thrombi generated by ferric chloride injury. c Immunohistochemistry for cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP, mouse homologue for LL-37) indicated enrichment within leukocytes (arrowhead), but also stained leukocyte-free areas (asterisk). Bars, 10 µm. d Immunofluorescence analysis of CRAMP (red), CD41 (platelets, green), and DAPI (nuclei, blue). Bar, 10 µm. e Analysis of CRAMP binding in arterial thrombosis in vivo. 5-FAM-labeled CRAMP or scrambled control was injected into wild type mice before induction of ferric chloride injury. Platelets were labeled in vivo using a DyLight649-labeled non-blocking GPIb beta antibody. Left: 5-FAM-labeled CRAMP (green) associated with platelets (GPIb, red in merged image) in the forming thrombus. Right: Image for 5-FAM-labeled control peptide and platelets (GPIb, red in merged image). Bar, 500 µm. See also Supplemental Movies 1, 2. f Flow cytometry analysis of LL-37 binding to isolated human, platelets in vitro. 5-FAM-labeled LL-37 (red), scrambled 5-FAM-labeled control peptide (blue), or vehicle (gray). Graph shows mean and SEM. P-value was determined by unpaired t-test Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29670076), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: Myeloperoxidase/MPO
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a heme-containing enzyme belonging to the XPO subfamily of peroxidases. It is an abundant neutrophil and monocyte glycoprotein that catalyzes the hydrogen peroxide-dependent conversion of chloride, bromide, and iodide to multiple reactive species (1). Post-translational processing of MPO involves the insertion of a heme moiety and the proteolytic removal of both a propeptide and a 6 aa internal peptide (2). This results in a disulfide-linked dimer composed of a 60 kDa heavy and 12 kDa light chain that associate into a 150 kDa enzymatically active tetramer. The tetramer contains two heme groups and one disulfide bond between the heavy chains (2). Alternate splicing generates two additional isoforms of MPO, one with a 32 aa insertion in the light chain, and another with a deletion of the signal sequence and part of the propeptide (3). Human and mouse MPO share 87% aa sequence identity. MPO activity results in protein nitrosylation and the formation of 3-chlorotyrosine and dityrosine crosslinks (4‑6). Modification of ApoB100, as well as the lipid and cholesterol components of LDL and HDL, promotes the development of atherosclerosis (5, 7‑9). MPO is also associated with a variety of other diseases (1), and inhibits vasodilation in inflammation by depleting the levels of NO (10). Serum albumin functions as a carrier protein during MPO movement to the basolateral side of epithelial cells (11). MPO is stored in neutrophil azurophilic granules. Upon cellular activation, it is deposited into pathogen-containing phagosomes (2). While mice lacking MPO are impaired in clearing select microbial infections, MPO deficiency in humans does not necessarily result in heightened susceptibility to infections (12, 13).
- Klebanoff, S.J. (2005) J. Leukoc. Biol. 77:598.
- Hansson, M. et al. (2006) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 445:214.
- Hashinaka, K. et al. (1988) Biochemistry 27:5906.
- van Dalen, C.J. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:11638.
- Hazen, S.L. and J.W. Heinecke (1997) J. Clin. Invest. 99:2075.
- Heinecke, J.W. et al. (1993) J. Clin. Invest. 91:2866.
- Podrez, E.A. et al. (1999) J. Clin. Invest. 103:1547.
- Bergt, C. et al. (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 101:13032.
- Hazen, S.L. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:23080.
- Eiserich, J.P. et al. (2002) Science 296:2391.
- Tiruppathi, C. et al. (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 101:7699.
- Aratani Y. et al. (2000) J. Infect. Dis. 182:1276.
- Kutter, D. (1998) J. Mol. Med. 76:669.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human Myeloperoxidase/MPO Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 5
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Human myeloperoxidase (hMPO) is expressed in neurons in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease and in the hMPO-alpha-synuclein-A53T mouse model, correlating with increased nitration and aggregation of alpha-synuclein and exacerbation of motor impairm
Authors: Maki RA, Holzer M, Motamedchaboki K et al.
Nat. Med.
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Thiocyanate Reduces Motor Impairment in the hMPO-A53T PD Mouse Model While Reducing MPO-Oxidation of Alpha Synuclein in Enlarged LYVE1/AQP4 Positive Periventricular Glymphatic Vessels
Authors: Wanda F. Reynolds, Ernst Malle, Richard A. Maki
Antioxidants (Basel)
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Discovery of 1-((6-Aminopyridin-3-yl)Methyl)-3-(4-Bromophenyl)Urea as a Potent, Irreversible Myeloperoxidase Inhibitor
Authors: Martin L. Marro, Andrew W. Patterson, Lac Lee, Lin Deng, Aimee Reynolds, Xianglin Ren et al.
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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TLR9 Deficiency Leads to Accelerated Renal Disease and Myeloid Lineage Abnormalities in Pristane-Induced Murine Lupus
Authors: L Bossaller, A Christ, K Pelka, K Nündel, PI Chiang, C Pang, N Mishra, P Busto, RG Bonegio, RE Schmidt, E Latz, A Marshak-Ro
J. Immunol., 2016-06-27;197(4):1044-53.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Serum
Applications: ELISA Development -
T47D Cells Expressing Myeloperoxidase Are Able to Process, Traffic and Store the Mature Protein in Lysosomes: Studies in T47D Cells Reveal a Role for Cys319 in MPO Biosynthesis that Precedes Its Known Role in Inter-Molecular Disulfide Bond Formation
Authors: Laura RP, Dong D, Reynolds WF, Maki RA.
PLoS One
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