Recombinant Mouse Angiopoietin-2 Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Met1-Phe496, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
7186-AN
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HEPES, NaCl and CHAPS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile, deionized water. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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7186-AN/CF
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HEPES, NaCl and CHAPS with Trehalose. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile, deionized water. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Angiopoietin-2
Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2; also ANGPT2) is a secreted glycoprotein that plays a complex role in angiogenesis and inflammation (1, 2). Mature mouse Ang-2 is 478 amino acids (aa) in length. It contains one coiled‑coil domain (aa 159‑256) that mediates multimerization, and a C‑terminal fibrinogen-like domain (aa 275‑495) that mediates receptor binding. Under reducing conditions, secreted monomeric Ang‑2 is 65‑66 kDa in size. Under non‑reducing conditions, both natural and recombinant Ang‑2 form 140 kDa dimers, 200 kDa trimers, and 250‑300 kDa tetramers and pentamers (3‑5). Mature mouse Ang-2 shares 87% and 96% aa sequence identity with human and rat Ang-2, respectively. Ang-2 is widely expressed during development, but it is restricted postnatally to highly angiogenic tissues such as the placenta, ovaries, and uterus (3). It is particularly abundant in vascular endothelial cells (EC) where it is stored in intracellular Weibel-Palade bodies (1 3, 6). Both Ang‑2 and the related Angiopoietin‑1 (Ang-1) are ligands for the receptor tyrosine kinase Tie-2 (2). While Ang-1 is a potent Tie-2 agonist, Ang-2 may act as either a Tie-2 antagonist or agonist, depending upon its state of multimerization. The higher the order of oligomer, the more effective Ang‑2 becomes as a Tie-2 agonist (3, 7‑10). Ang-2 functions as a pro-angiogenic factor, although it can also induce EC death and vessel regression (11, 12). Upon its release from quiescent EC, it regulates vascular remodeling by promoting EC survival, proliferation, and migration and destabilizing the interaction between EC and perivascular cells (7, 12, 13). Ang-2 is required for postnatal vascular remodeling, and it cooperates with Ang‑1 during lymphatic vessel development (6, 14). It mediates the up‑regulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on EC, which facilitates the adhesion of leukocytes during inflammation (15). Ang-2 is up‑regulated in both the endothelium and tumor cells of several cancers as well as in ischemic tissue (16‑19). Its direct interaction with Integrins promotes tumor cell invasion (20, 21). Ang-2 also promotes the neuronal differentiation and migration of subventricular zone progenitor cells (19).
- Augustin, H.G. et al. (2009) Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 10:165.
- Murdoch, C. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:7405.
- Maisonpierre, P.C. et al. (1997) Science 27:55.
- Procopio, W.N. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:30196.
- Kim, K-T. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:20126.
- Gale, N.W. et al. (2002) Dev. Cell 3:411.
- Yuan, H.T. et al. (2009) Mol. Cell. Biol. 29:2011.
- Falcon, B.L. et al. (2009) Am. J. Pathol. 175:2159.
- Kim, H-Z. et al. (2009) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1793:772.
- Kim, I. et al. (2001) Cardiovasc. Res. 49:872.
- Lobov, I.B. et al. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 99:11205.
- Cao, Y. et al. (2007) Cancer Res. 67:3835.
- Nasarre, P. et al. (2009) Cancer Res. 69:1324.
- Dellinger, M. et al. (2008) Dev. Biol. 319:309.
- Fiedler, U. et al. (2006) Nat. Med. 12:235.
- Koga, K. et al. (2001) Cancer Res. 61:6248.
- Etoh, T. et al. (2001) Cancer Res. 61:2145.
- Tressel, S.L. et al. (2008) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 28:1989.
- Liu, X.S. et al. (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 284:22680.
- Hu, B. et al. (2006) Cancer Res. 66:775.
- Imanishi, Y. et al. (2007) Cancer Res. 67:4254.
Citations for Recombinant Mouse Angiopoietin-2 Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 7
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Gatekeeping role of Nf2/Merlin in vascular tip EC induction through suppression of VEGFR2 internalization
Authors: JH Bae, MJ Yang, SH Jeong, J Kim, SP Hong, JW Kim, YH Kim, GY Koh
Science Advances, 2022-06-10;8(23):eabn2611.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
The angiopoietin-Tie2 pathway regulates Purkinje cell dendritic morphogenesis in a cell-autonomous manner
Authors: R Luck, A Karakatsan, B Shah, G Schermann, H Adler, J Kupke, N Tisch, HW Jeong, MK Back, F Hetsch, A D'Errico, M De Palma, E Wiedtke, D Grimm, A Acker-Palm, J von Engelh, RH Adams, HG Augustin, C Ruiz de Al
Cell Reports, 2021-08-17;36(7):109522.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Organoid
Applications: Bioassay -
Angiopoietin-2 Combined with Radiochemotherapy Impedes Glioblastoma Recurrence by Acting in an Autocrine and Paracrine Manner: A Preclinical Study
Authors: C Helaine, AE Ferré, MM Leblond, EA Pérès, M Bernaudin, S Valable, E Petit
Cancers, 2020-11-30;12(12):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Id1 and Id3 Maintain Steady-State Hematopoiesis by Promoting Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Survival and Regeneration
Authors: S Gadomski, SK Singh, S Singh, T Sarkar, KD Klarmann, M Berenschot, S Seaman, B Jakubison, KO Gudmundsso, S Lockett, JR Keller
Cell Rep, 2020-04-28;31(4):107572.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Tumor angiogenesis is differentially regulated by phosphorylation of endothelial cell focal adhesion kinase tyrosines-397 and -861
Authors: AR Pedrosa, N Bodrug, J Gomez-Escu, EP Carter, LE Reynolds, PN Georgiou, I Fernandez, DM Lees, V Kostourou, AN Alexopoulo, S Batista, B Tavora, B Serrels, M Parsons, T Iskratsch, KM Hodivala-D
Cancer Res., 2019-06-12;0(0):.
Species: Transgenic Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo, Spheroids
Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo -
Effect of treatment with angiopoietin-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor on the quality of xenografted bovine ovarian tissue in mice
Authors: HS Kong, J Lee, HW Youm, SK Kim, JR Lee, CS Suh, SH Kim
PLoS ONE, 2017-09-15;12(9):e0184546.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Effects of Angiopoietin-2 on Transplanted Mouse Ovarian Tissue
PLoS ONE, 2016-11-21;11(11):e0166782.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo
FAQs
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This protein datasheet indicates I need to use a cross-linking antibody, Catalog # MAB050, for biological activity. What is this antibody and is it really necessary?
The antibody is directed against a 6x histidine repeat and is recommended for use as a cross-linker of proteins with 6x his-tag. Crosslinking is often used for proteins that require receptor trimerization and can result greater biological activity. R&D Systems Quality Control tests the performance of these proteins in the presence of the cross-linking antibody. Therefore, it is necessary to use this antibody when trying to achieve the same level of specific activity described in the datasheet.
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