Recombinant Human Norrin Protein, CF

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
3014-NR-025
R&D Systems Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes
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Product Details
Citations (8)
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Recombinant Human Norrin Protein, CF Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin Level
<1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its ability to activate Wnt induced TCF reporter activity in HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells expressing human Frizzled-4 and human LRP-5. The ED50 for this effect is 30-150 ng/ml.
Source
E. coli-derived human Norrin protein
Lys25-Ser133, with an N-terminal Met
Accession #
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Met
Structure / Form
Disulfide-linked oligomer
Predicted Molecular Mass
12.6 kDa

Product Datasheets

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3014-NR

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

3014-NR

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 250 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
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Background: Norrin

Norrin (also called Norrie Disease Protein or NDP) is a secreted regulatory protein that remains tightly associated with the extracellular matrix (1). At least 70 mutations of Norrin have been identified in Norrie disease (X-linked retinal dysplasia) or in a minority of X-linked familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR). Both are disorders of retinal vascularization that cause blindness (2, 3). Norrin consists of disulfide-linked homodimers that oligomerize further via disulfide bridges to form higher order oligomers containing up to ten units of 12 kDa each. The cysteine-rich C-terminal domain of Norrin is homologous to von Willebrand factor, several extracellular mucin proteins, and members of the TGF-beta family. Molecular modeling studies predict that Norrin assumes a cysteine-knot structure typical for the TGF-beta family (4). Although Norrin is not related to Wnt family proteins, it functions like a Wnt protein in that it binds with high affinity to the receptor Frizzled-4, requires LDL receptor-related protein (LRP) as a co-receptor, and induces activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (5). Norrin and Frizzled-4 are expressed at relatively low levels in tissues displaying vascular phenotypes and genetic disruption of either gene in mice gives phenotypes with marked similarities (5, 6, 7). Human Norrin shares 100%, 96%, 95%, 94% and 90% amino acid identity with rhesus macaque, canine, bovine, mouse, and chick Norrin, respectively.

References
  1. Perez-Vilar, J. and R.L. Hill (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:33410.
  2. Berger, W. et al. (1992) Nat. Genet. 1:199.
  3. Berger, W. and H.H. Ropers (2001) “The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Diseases”, C.R. Scriver, et al. eds. p. 5977.
  4. Meitinger, T et al. (1993) Nat Genet 5:376.
  5. Xu, Q. et al. (2004) Cell 116:883.
  6. Hartzer, M.K. et al. (1999) Brain Res. Bull. 49:355.
  7. Wang, Y. et al. (2001) J. Neurosci. 21:4761.
Entrez Gene IDs
4693 (Human)
Alternate Names
EVR2; exudative vitreoretinopathy 2 (X-linked); FEVR; ND; NDP; Norrie disease (pseudoglioma); Norrie disease protein; Norrin; X-linked exudative vitreoretinopathy 2 protein

Citations for Recombinant Human Norrin Protein, CF

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

8 Citations: Showing 1 - 8
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  1. Disheveled-1 Interacts with Claudin-5 and Contributes to Norrin-Induced Endothelial Barrier Restoration
    Authors: Díaz-Coránguez, M;González-González, L;Wang, A;Liu, X;Antonetti, DA;
    Cells
    Species: Bovine
    Sample Types: Transfected Whole Cells, Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. Therapeutic blood-brain barrier modulation and stroke treatment by a bioengineered FZD4-selective WNT surrogate in mice
    Authors: Ding, J;Lee, SJ;Vlahos, L;Yuki, K;Rada, CC;van Unen, V;Vuppalapaty, M;Chen, H;Sura, A;McCormick, AK;Tomaske, M;Alwahabi, S;Nguyen, H;Nowatzke, W;Kim, L;Kelly, L;Vollrath, D;Califano, A;Yeh, WC;Li, Y;Kuo, CJ;
    Nature communications
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. A Norrin/Wnt surrogate antibody stimulates endothelial cell barrier function and rescues retinopathy
    Authors: R Chidiac, M Abedin, G Macleod, A Yang, PE Thibeault, LL Blazer, JJ Adams, L Zhang, H Roehrich, HN Jo, S Seshagiri, SS Sidhu, HJ Junge, S Angers
    Embo Molecular Medicine, 2021-06-09;0(0):e13977.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. Norrin mediates tumor-promoting and -suppressive effects in glioblastoma via Notch and WNT
    Authors: A El-Sehemy, HJ Selvadurai, A Ortin-Mart, NT Pokrajac, Y Mamatjan, N Tachibana, KJ Rowland, L Lee, NI Park, KD Aldape, P Dirks, VA Wallace
    J. Clin. Invest., 2020-06-01;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture
  5. Norrin restores blood-retinal barrier properties after vascular endothelial growth factor-induced permeability
    Authors: M Díaz-Corán, CM Lin, S Liebner, DA Antonetti
    J. Biol. Chem., 2020-02-21;0(0):.
    Species: Bovine, Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo, Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo
  6. Integrin-linked kinase controls retinal angiogenesis and is linked to Wnt signaling and exudative vitreoretinopathy
    Authors: H Park, H Yamamoto, L Mohn, L Ambühl, K Kanai, I Schmidt, KP Kim, A Fraccaroli, S Feil, HJ Junge, E Montanez, W Berger, RH Adams
    Nat Commun, 2019-11-20;10(1):5243.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Cell Culture
  7. Extracellular Vesicles from Activated Dermal Fibroblasts Stimulate Hair Follicle Growth Through Dermal Papilla-Secreted Norrin
    Authors: A le Riche, E Aberdam, L Marchand, E Frank, C Jahoda, I Petit, S Bordes, B Closs, D Aberdam
    Stem Cells, 2019-06-25;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  8. TSPAN12 Is a Norrin Co-receptor that Amplifies Frizzled4 Ligand Selectivity and Signaling
    Authors: MB Lai, C Zhang, J Shi, V Johnson, L Khandan, J McVey, MW Klymkowsky, Z Chen, HJ Junge
    Cell Rep, 2017-06-27;19(13):2809-2822.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay

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