Recombinant Human CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein
Recombinant Human CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Human CX3CL 1 (Gln25 - Arg339) (Ser199Asn) Accession # P78423 |
KQN | 6-His tag |
N-terminus | C-terminus | |
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
365-FR
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 25 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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365-FR/CF
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: CX3CL1/Fractalkine
CX3CL1, also named neurotactin, is a novel chemokine identified through bioinformatics. CX3CL1 has a unique C-X3-C cysteine motif near the amino-terminus and is the first member of a fourth branch of the chemokine superfamily. Unlike other known chemokines, CX3CL1 is a type 1 membrane protein containing a chemokine domain tethered on a long mucin-like stalk. Human CX3CL1 cDNA encodes a 397 amino acid (aa) residue membrane protein with a 24 aa residue predicted signal peptide, a 76 aa residue chemokine domain, a 241 aa residue stalk region containing 17 degenerate mucin-like repeats, a 19 aa residue transmembrane segment and a 37 aa residue cytoplasmic domain. The extracellular domain of human CX3CL1 can be released, possibly by proteolysis at the dibasic cleavage site proximal to the membrane, to generate soluble CX3CL1. CX3CL1 mRNA has been detected in various tissues including the brain and heart. The expression of CX3CL1 was also reported to be up-regulated in endothelial cells and microglia by inflammatory signals. Membrane-bound CX3CL1 has been shown to promote adhesion of leukocytes. The soluble chemokine domain of human CX3CL1 was reported to be chemotactic for T cells and monocytes while the soluble chemokine domain of mouse CX3CL1 was reported to chemoattract neutrophils and T-lymphocytes but not monocytes. The gene for human CX3CL1 has been mapped to chromosome 16q.
- Pan, Y. et al. (1997) Nature 387:611.
- Bazan J.F. et al. (1997) Nature 385:640.
- Mackay, C.R. (1997) Current Biology 7:R384.
Citations for Recombinant Human CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
21
Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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A pharmacological toolkit for human microglia identifies Topoisomerase I inhibitors as immunomodulators for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Haage, V;Tuddenham, JF;Comandante-Lou, N;Bautista, A;Monzel, A;Chiu, R;Fujita, M;Garcia, FG;Bhattarai, P;Patel, R;Buonfiglioli, A;Idiarte, J;Herman, M;Rinderspacher, A;Mela, A;Zhao, W;Argenziano, MG;Furnari, JL;Banu, MA;Landry, DW;Bruce, JN;Canoll, P;Zhang, Y;Nuriel, T;Kizil, C;Sproul, AA;de Witte, LD;Sims, PA;Menon, V;Picard, M;De Jager, PL;
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Role of CCR3 in respiratory syncytial virus infection of airway epithelial cells.
Authors: Wellemans V, Benhassou H, Fuselier E, Bellesort F, Dury S, Lebargy F, Dormoy V, Fichel C, Naour R, Gounni A, Lamkhioued B
iScience, 2021-11-14;24(12):103433.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
CX3CL1/fractalkine regulates the differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells into osteoclasts
Authors: S Muraoka, K Kaneko, K Motomura, J Nishio, T Nanki
Cytokine, 2021-07-26;146(0):155652.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Biomarkers for Comorbidities Modulate the Activity of T-Cells in COPD
Authors: K Jamal Jame, WJ Gallert, SD Yanik, S Panek, J Kronsbein, D Jungck, A Koch, J Knobloch
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021-07-02;22(13):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
A digital single-molecule nanopillar SERS platform for predicting and monitoring immune toxicities in immunotherapy
Authors: J Li, A Wuethrich, AAI Sina, HH Cheng, Y Wang, A Behren, PN Mainwaring, M Trau
Nature Communications, 2021-02-17;12(1):1087.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Reference Standard
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PODXL1 promotes metastasis of the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by activating the C5aR/C5a axis from the tumor microenvironment
Authors: K Saito, H Iioka, S Maruyama, IW Sumardika, M Sakaguchi, E Kondo
Neoplasia, 2019-11-20;21(12):1121-1132.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
The homozygous CX3CR1-M280 mutation impairs human monocyte survival
Authors: AL Collar, M Swamydas, M O'Hayre, MS Sajib, KW Hoffman, SP Singh, A Mourad, MD Johnson, EM Ferre, JM Farber, JK Lim, CM Mikelis, JS Gutkind, MS Lionakis
JCI Insight, 2018-02-08;3(3):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Absence of CX3CR1 impairs the internalization of Tau by microglia
Authors: M Bolós, M Llorens-Ma, JR Perea, J Jurado-Arj, A Rábano, F Hernández, J Avila
Mol Neurodegener, 2017-08-15;12(1):59.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Broad spectrum activity of a lectin-like bacterial serine protease family on human leukocytes.
Authors: Ayala-Lujan, Jorge Lu, Vijayakumar, Vidhya, Gong, Mei, Smith, Rachel, Santiago, Araceli, Ruiz-Perez, Fernando
PLoS ONE, 2014-09-24;9(9):e107920.
Species: Bacteria, Human
Sample Types: Protein, Whole Cells
Applications: Enzyme Assay, Enzyme Assay Substrate -
Endothelial expression of guidance cues in vessel wall homeostasis dysregulation under proatherosclerotic conditions.
Authors: van Gils, Janine M, Ramkhelawon, Bhama, Fernandes, Luciana, Stewart, Merran C, Guo, Liang, Seibert, Tara, Menezes, Gustavo, Cara, Denise C, Chow, Camille, Kinane, T Bernar, Fisher, Edward A, Balcells, Mercedes, Alvarez-Leite, Jacqueli, Lacy-Hulbert, Adam, Moore, Kathryn
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2013-02-21;33(5):911-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Widespread potential for growth-factor-driven resistance to anticancer kinase inhibitors.
Authors: Wilson TR, Fridlyand J, Yan Y, Penuel E, Burton L, Chan E, Peng J, Lin E, Wang Y, Sosman J, Ribas A, Li J, Moffat J, Sutherlin DP, Koeppen H, Merchant M, Neve R, Settleman J
Nature, 2012-07-26;487(7408):505-9.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
CX3CL1/fractalkine is released from apoptotic lymphocytes to stimulate macrophage chemotaxis.
Authors: Truman LA, Ford CA, Pasikowska M, Pound JD, Wilkinson SJ, Dumitriu IE, Melville L, Melrose LA, Ogden CA, Nibbs R, Graham G, Combadiere C, Gregory CD
Blood, 2008-09-17;112(13):5026-36.
Applications: Western Blot -
Functional adhesiveness of the CX3CL1 chemokine requires its aggregation. Role of the transmembrane domain.
Authors: Hermand P, Pincet F, Carvalho S, Ansanay H, Trinquet E, Daoudi M, Combadiere C, Deterre P
J. Biol. Chem., 2008-08-25;283(44):30225-34.
Applications: Western Blot -
Fractalkine and CX3CR1 mediate leukocyte capture by endothelium in response to Shiga toxin.
Authors: Zanchi C, Zoja C, Morigi M, Valsecchi F, Liu XY, Rottoli D, Locatelli M, Buelli S, Pezzotta A, Mapelli P, Geelen J, Remuzzi G, Hawiger J
J. Immunol., 2008-07-15;181(2):1460-9.
Applications: Western Blot -
Thrombin-induced expression of endothelial CX3CL1 potentiates monocyte CCL2 production and transendothelial migration.
Authors: Popovic M, Laumonnier Y, Burysek L, Syrovets T, Simmet T
J. Leukoc. Biol., 2008-04-24;84(1):215-23.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Fractalkine, a CX3C chemokine, as a mediator of ocular angiogenesis.
Authors: You JJ, Yang CH, Huang JS, Chen MS, Yang CM
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2007-11-01;48(11):5290-8.
Species: Bovine, Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Regulated shedding of transmembrane chemokines by the disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 facilitates detachment of adherent leukocytes.
Authors: Hundhausen C, Schulte A, Schulz B, Andrzejewski MG, Schwarz N, von Hundelshausen P, Winter U, Paliga K, Reiss K, Saftig P, Weber C, Ludwig A
J. Immunol., 2007-06-15;178(12):8064-72.
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
Human cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+-T-cell cytokine response induces fractalkine in endothelial cells.
Authors: Bolovan-Fritts CA, Trout RN, Spector SA
J. Virol., 2004-12-01;78(23):13173-81.
Applications: Western Blot -
Plasmacytoid dendritic cell recruitment by immobilized CXCR3 ligands.
Authors: Kohrgruber N, Groger M, Meraner P, Kriehuber E, Petzelbauer P, Brandt S, Stingl G, Rot A, Maurer D
J. Immunol., 2004-12-01;173(11):6592-602.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Fractalkine mediates natural killer-dependent antitumor responses in vivo.
Authors: Lavergne E, Combadiere B, Bonduelle O, Iga M, Gao JL, Maho M, Boissonnas A, Murphy PM, Debre P, Combadiere C
Cancer Res., 2003-11-01;63(21):7468-74.
Applications: ELISA (Standard) -
Detection of fractalkine in human seminal plasma and its role in infertile patients.
Authors: Zhang Q, Shimoya K, Ohta Y, Chin R, Tenma K, Isaka S, Nakamura H, Koyama M, Azuma C, Murata Y
Hum. Reprod., 2002-06-01;17(6):1560-4.
Applications: Western Blot
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