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Recombinant Human CCL21/6Ckine Protein

Catalog #: 366-6C
33 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
366-6C-025/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
366-6C-025
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Citations (33)
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Recombinant Human CCL21/6Ckine Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro‑B cells transfected with human CCR7. The ED50 for this effect is 3-15 ng/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived human CCL21/6Ckine protein
Ser24-Pro134
Accession #
Q6ICR7
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Ser24
Predicted Molecular Mass
12 kDa
SDS-PAGE
16-17 kDa, reducing conditions

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366-6C (with carrier)

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366-6C/CF (carrier free)

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COA
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Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

366-6C

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

366-6C/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: CCL21/6Ckine

CCL21, also known as 6Ckine, TCA-4, SLC, Exodus-2, and A21, is a 12 kDa homeostatic chemokine that plays an important role in adaptive immune responses and inflammation (1). Unlike other CC chemokines, human CCL21 has a 37 amino acid (aa) C-terminal extension which mediates its attachment to carbohydrate structures and extracellular matrix components (2, 3). Mature human CCL21 shares 71% and 66% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat CCL21, respectively (4‑6). Both human and mouse CCL21 signal through the chemokine receptor CCR7, while mouse CCL21 additionally can signal through CXCR3 (7). CCL21 is constitutively presented on initial lymphatic vessels, high endothelial venules (HEV), and lymph node dendritic cells (DC) (8‑10). Immobilized CCL21 promotes the docking of DC to lymphatic vessels and the retention of T cells by lymph node DC, resulting in T cell priming for activation (8, 9). DC interaction with the anchored chemokine can induce CCL21 cleavage and release of an 8 kDa fragment that lacks the C-terminal extension (10). During chronic inflammation or tissue damage, CCL21 is up‑regulated on local vascular endothelial cells, macrophages, T cells, and neurons (11‑14). In these settings, it promotes fibrosis, inflammatory cytokine production, and neuropathic pain (12‑14). The soluble chemokine is elevated in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid and in the serum of coronary artery disease patients (11, 13). CCL21 has been shown to exert either angiogenic or angiostatic effects (11, 15, 16). These effects, in combination with the ability of CCL21 to attract immune suppressor cells (Treg and MDSC) to a tumor site can have positive or negative effects on tumor progression (16, 17).

References
  1. Forster, R. et al. (2008) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 8:362.
  2. Yang, B.G. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 179:4376.
  3. Rey-Gallardo, A. et al. (2010) Glycobiology 20:1139.
  4. Hromas, R. et al. (1997) J. Immunol. 159:2554.
  5. Nagira, M. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:19518.
  6. Hedrick, J.A. and A. Zlotnik (1997) J. Immunol. 159:1589.
  7. Jenh, C. et al. (1999) J. Immunol. 162:3765.
  8. Tal, O. et al. (2011) J. Exp. Med. 208:2141.
  9. Friedman, R.S. et al. (2006) Nat. Immunol. 7:1101.
  10. Schumann, K. et al. (2010) Immunity 32:703.
  11. Pickens, S.R. et al. (2012) Arthritis Rheum. 64:2471.
  12. Sakai, N. et al. (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:14098.
  13. Damas, J.K. et al. (2007) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 27:614.
  14. Biber, K. et al. (2011) EMBO J. 30:1864.
  15. Soto, H. et al. (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:8205.
  16. Vicari, A.P. et al. (2000) J. Immunol. 165:1992.
  17. Shields, J.D. et al. (2010) Science 328:749.
Entrez Gene IDs
6366 (Human); 18829 (Mouse); 298006 (Rat)
Alternate Names
6Ckine; 6CkineSmall-inducible cytokine A21; Beta-chemokine exodus-2; CCL21; chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21; CKb9; exodus-2; member 21; SCYA21; SCYA21MGC34555; secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine; SLC; SLCSecondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine; TCA-4

Citations for Recombinant Human CCL21/6Ckine Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

33 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. Optimization and Validation of a Harmonized Protocol for Generating Therapeutic-Grade Dendritic Cells in a Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial, Using Two Varied Antigenic Sources
    Authors: Seetharaman, A;Christopher, V;Dhandapani, H;Jayakumar, H;Dhanushkodi, M;Bhaskaran, N;Rajaraman, S;Ranganathan, R;Sunder Singh, S;Vijayakumar, V;Rajamanickam, A;Suri, A;Jagadish, N;Rajkumar, T;Ramanathan, P;
    Vaccines
    Species: Human hepegivirus
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. Studies with neutralizing antibodies suggest CXCL8-mediated neutrophil activation is independent of C-C motif chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2) ligand binding function
    Authors: Z Su, J Brooks, J Pelker, T Andreyeva, H Sobon, R Gifford, M Powers, J Wang, C Dower, M Hegen, D Messing, AD Sheehan, JJ Brennan
    PLoS ONE, 2023-01-20;18(1):e0280590.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Transfected Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. Selective Boosting of CCR7-Acting Chemokines; Short Peptides Boost Chemokines with Short Basic Tails, Longer Peptides Boost Chemokines with Long Basic Tails
    Authors: EP Brandum, AS Jørgensen, MB Calvo, K Spiess, FC Peterson, Z Yang, BF Volkman, CT Veldkamp, MM Rosenkilde, CK Goth, GM Hjortø
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022-01-26;23(3):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. RNF43 inhibits WNT5A-driven signaling and suppresses melanoma invasion and resistance to the targeted therapy
    Authors: T Radaszkiew, M Nosková, K Gömöryová, O Vondálová, KA Radaszkiew, M Picková, R Víchová, T Gybe?, K Kaiser, L Demková, L Ku?erová, T Bárta, D Pot?šil, Z Zdráhal, K Sou?ek, V Bryja
    Elife, 2021-10-27;10(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Transduced Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  5. Dendritic cells matured with recombinant human sperm associated antigen 9 (rhSPAG9) induce CD4+, CD8+ T cells and activate NK cells: a potential candidate molecule for immunotherapy in cervical cancer
    Authors: H Dhandapani, H Jayakumar, A Seetharama, SS Singh, S Ganeshraja, N Jagadish, A Suri, R Thangaraja, P Ramanathan
    Cancer Cell International, 2021-09-07;21(1):473.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  6. CXCL12-stimulated lymphocytes produce secondary stimulants that affect the surrounding cell chemotaxis
    Authors: K Kurowarabe, M Endo, D Kobayashi, H Hayasaka
    Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports, 2021-09-07;28(0):101128.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  7. A humanized monoclonal antibody against the endothelial chemokine CCL21 for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
    Authors: ML Capitano, A Jaiswal, HE Broxmeyer, Y Pride, S Glover, FG Amlashi, A Kirby, G Srinivasan, EA Williamson, D Mais, R Hromas
    PLoS ONE, 2021-07-01;16(7):e0252805.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  8. Helicobacter pylori-induced Rev-erb&alpha fosters gastric bacteria colonization by impairing host innate and adaptive defense
    Authors: FY Mao, YP Lv, CJ Hao, YS Teng, YG Liu, P Cheng, SM Yang, W Chen, T Liu, QM Zou, R Xie, JY Xu, Y Zhuang
    Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2021-03-03;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  9. A mutation that blocks integrin alpha4beta7 activation prevents adaptive immune-mediated colitis without increasing susceptibility to innate colitis
    Authors: H Zhang, Y Zheng, Y Pan, C Lin, S Wang, Z Yan, L Lu, G Ge, J Li, YA Zeng, J Chen
    BMC Biol., 2020-06-10;18(1):64.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  10. The lymph node stromal laminin alpha 5 shapes alloimmunity
    Authors: L Li, MW Shirkey, T Zhang, Y Xiong, W Piao, V Saxena, C Paluskievi, YS Lee, N Toney, BM Cerel, Q Li, T Simon, KD Smith, KL Hippen, BR Blazar, R Abdi, JS Bromberg
    J. Clin. Invest., 2020-05-01;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  11. Resident memory T cells are a cellular reservoir for HIV in the cervical mucosa
    Authors: J Cantero-Pé, J Grau-Expós, C Serra-Pein, DA Rosero, L Luque-Ball, A Astorga-Ga, J Castellví, T Sanhueza, G Tapia, B Lloveras, MA Fernández, JG Prado, JM Solé-Seden, A Tarrats, C Lecumberri, L Mañalich-B, C Centeno-Me, V Falcó, MJ Buzon, M Genescà
    Nat Commun, 2019-10-18;10(1):4739.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: Bioassay
  12. The P-selectin and PSGL-1 axis accelerates atherosclerosis via activation of dendritic cells by the TLR4 signaling pathway
    Authors: Z Ye, L Zhong, S Zhu, Y Wang, J Zheng, S Wang, J Zhang, R Huang
    Cell Death Dis, 2019-07-01;10(7):507.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  13. A CD4+ T cell population expanded in lupus blood provides B cell help through interleukin-10 and succinate
    Authors: S Caielli, DT Veiga, P Balasubram, S Athale, B Domic, E Murat, R Banchereau, Z Xu, M Chandra, CH Chung, L Walters, J Baisch, T Wright, M Punaro, L Nassi, K Stewart, J Fuller, D Ucar, H Ueno, J Zhou, J Banchereau, V Pascual
    Nat. Med., 2018-11-26;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  14. Dendritic cells pulsed with generated tumor cell lysate from Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn. induces anti-tumor immune response
    Authors: SIA Mohamed, I Jantan, MA Nafiah, MA Seyed, KM Chan
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2018-08-06;18(1):232.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  15. Regulation of CCR7-dependent cell migration through�CCR7 homodimer formation
    Authors: D Kobayashi, M Endo, H Ochi, H Hojo, M Miyasaka, H Hayasaka
    Sci Rep, 2017-08-17;7(1):8536.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  16. Characterization of Interleukin-15-Transpresenting Dendritic Cells for Clinical Use
    Authors: JMJ Van den Be, ELJM Smits, M Versteven, H De Reu, ZN Berneman, VFI Van Tendel, E Lion
    J Immunol Res, 2017-07-13;2017(0):1975902.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  17. Progesterone Levels Associate with a Novel Population of CCR5+CD38+ CD4 T Cells Resident in the Genital Mucosa with Lymphoid Trafficking Potential
    Authors: Alison Swaims-Koh
    J Immunol, 2016-05-27;197(1):368-76.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  18. Preferential recruitment of Th17 cells to cervical cancer via CCR6-CCL20 pathway.
    Authors: Yu, Qing, Lou, Xiang-mi, He, Yan
    PLoS ONE, 2015-03-13;10(3):e0120855.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  19. The role of CCL21/CCR7 chemokine axis in breast cancer-induced lymphangiogenesis.
    Authors: Tutunea-Fatan, Elena, Majumder, Mousumi, Xin, Xiping, Lala, Peeyush
    Mol Cancer, 2015-02-10;14(1):35.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  20. Expression of functional sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor-1 is reduced by B cell receptor signaling and increased by inhibition of PI3 kinase delta but not SYK or BTK in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.
    Authors: Till K, Pettitt A, Slupsky J
    J Immunol, 2015-01-28;194(5):2439-46.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  21. Priming by chemokines restricts lateral mobility of the adhesion receptor LFA-1 and restores adhesion to ICAM-1 nano-aggregates on human mature dendritic cells.
    Authors: Borgman K, van Zanten T, Manzo C, Cabezon R, Cambi A, Benitez-Ribas D, Garcia-Parajo M
    PLoS ONE, 2014-06-19;9(6):e99589.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  22. Closely related T-memory stem cells correlate with in vivo expansion of CAR.CD19-T cells and are preserved by IL-7 and IL-15.
    Authors: Xu Y, Zhang M, Ramos C, Durett A, Liu E, Dakhova O, Liu H, Creighton C, Gee A, Heslop H, Rooney C, Savoldo B, Dotti G
    Blood, 2014-04-29;123(24):3750-9.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: CAR-T (Bioassay)
  23. CC-Chemokine receptor CCR7: a key molecule for lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
    Authors: Irino, Tomoyuki, Takeuchi, Hiroya, Matsuda, Sachiko, Saikawa, Yoshiro, Kawakubo, Hirofumi, Wada, Norihito, Takahashi, Tsunehir, Nakamura, Rieko, Fukuda, Kazumasa, Omori, Tai, Kitagawa, Yuko
    BMC Cancer, 2014-04-26;14(0):291.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  24. Suppression of Langerhans cell activation is conserved amongst human papillomavirus alpha and beta genotypes, but not a micro genotype.
    Authors: Da Silva D, Movius C, Raff A, Brand H, Skeate J, Wong M, Kast W
    Virology, 2014-02-17;452(0):279-86.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  25. Widespread potential for growth-factor-driven resistance to anticancer kinase inhibitors.
    Authors: Wilson TR, Fridlyand J, Yan Y, Penuel E, Burton L, Chan E, Peng J, Lin E, Wang Y, Sosman J, Ribas A, Li J, Moffat J, Sutherlin DP, Koeppen H, Merchant M, Neve R, Settleman J
    Nature, 2012-07-26;487(7408):505-9.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  26. CCL21 overexpressed on lymphatic vessels drives thymic hyperplasia in myasthenia.
    Authors: Berrih-Aknin S, Ruhlmann N, Bismuth J, Cizeron-Clairac G, Zelman E, Shachar I, Dartevelle P, de Rosbo NK, Le Panse R
    Ann. Neurol., 2009-10-01;66(4):521-31.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: N/A, Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay, ELISA (Standard)
  27. Homeostatic chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 promote inflammation in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with ongoing viral replication.
    Authors: Damas JK, Landro L, Fevang B, Heggelund L, Tjonnfjord GE, Floisand Y, Halvorsen B, Froland SS, Aukrust P
    Clin. Exp. Immunol., 2009-09-01;157(3):400-7.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  28. Changes in chemokines and chemokine receptor expression on tonsillar B cells upon Epstein-Barr virus infection.
    Authors: Ehlin-Henriksson B, Liang W, Cagigi A, Mowafi F, Klein G, Nilsson A
    Immunology, 2009-08-01;127(4):549-57.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  29. Altered expression of the receptor-ligand pair CXCR5/CXCL13 in B cells during chronic HIV-1 infection.
    Authors: Cagigi A, Mowafi F, Phuong Dang LV, Tenner-Racz K, Atlas A, Grutzmeier S, Racz P, Chiodi F, Nilsson A
    Blood, 2008-09-09;112(12):4401-10.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  30. The majority of human peripheral blood CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ regulatory T cells bear functional skin-homing receptors.
    Authors: Hirahara K, Liu L, Clark RA, Yamanaka K, Fuhlbrigge RC, Kupper TS
    J. Immunol., 2006-10-01;177(7):4488-94.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  31. Novel antiviral activity of chemokines.
    Authors: Nakayama T, Shirane J, Hieshima K, Shibano M, Watanabe M, Jin Z, Nagakubo D, Saito T, Shimomura Y, Yoshie O
    Virology, 2006-04-17;350(2):484-92.
    Species: Virus
    Sample Types: Virus, Whole Cells
    Applications: Binding Assay, Bioassay
  32. Specific recruitment of regulatory T cells in ovarian carcinoma fosters immune privilege and predicts reduced survival.
    Authors: Curiel, Tyler J, Coukos, George, Zou, Linhua, Alvarez, Xavier, Cheng, Pui, Mottram, Peter, Evdemon-Hogan, Melina, Conejo-Garcia, Jose R, Zhang, Lin, Burow, Matthew, Zhu, Yun, Wei, Shuang, Kryczek, Ilona, Daniel, Ben, Gordon, Alan, Myers, Leann, Lackner, Andrew, Disis, Mary L, Knutson, Keith L, Chen, Lieping, Zou, Weiping
    Nat Med, 2004-08-22;10(9):942-9.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  33. Aberration of CCR7 CD8 memory T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: an inducer of T helper type 2 bias of CD4 T cells.
    Authors: Sen Y, Chunsong H, Baojun H, Linjie Z, Qun L, San J, Qiuping Z, Junyan L, Zhang X, Jinquan T
    Immunology, 2004-06-01;112(2):274-89.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay

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