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Learn MoreFollicular B Cell Markers
Click on one of the B cell subsets shown in the buttons below to see the human and mouse markers that are commonly used to identify each cell type.
Overview
Follicular B cells are the main B cell subset in both mice and humans. A small subset of transitional 2 (T2) B cells mature in the bone marrow into follicular B cells, but most immature B cells migrate to the spleen, where they mature into either follicular B cells or marginal zone B cells. Follicular B cell development is driven by strong B cell receptor (BCR) signaling along with blockade of Notch2 signaling. Follicular B cells are freely recirculating cells that home to the lymphoid follicles in the secondary lymphoid organs. Due to their locations adjacent to the T cell zones, these cells are particularly well-suited to participate in T cell-dependent immune responses. Additionally, follicular B cells are found around the bone marrow sinusoids, where they respond to blood-borne pathogens in a T cell-independent manner. Most mouse and human follicular B cells express high levels of IgD and CD23/Fc epsilon RII, and either high or low levels of IgM. In addition, these cells express CD22/Siglec-2, along with low levels of CD1d in mouse, and lower levels of CD21 than what is found on marginal zone B cells in both mouse and human. Following activation, follicular B cells differentiate into short-lived plasma cells in the periphery or enter into T cell-dependent germinal center reactions.
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Data Examples
Detection of Follicular and Marginal Zone B-2 Cells in Mouse Splenocytes. (A) C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes were stained with a PE-conjugated Rat Anti-Mouse CD19 Monoclonal Antibody (Novus Biologicals, Catalog # NBP2-24966) and an Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated Rat Anti-Mouse CD43 Monoclonal Antibody (Novus Biologicals, Catalog # NBP1-43413AF488). CD19+/ CD43– cells were gated. (B) Follicular B-2 cells (CD19mid/CD1dmid/CD23+/CD21low/CD43–) and marginal zone B-2 cells (CD19mid/CD1dhigh/CD23–/CD21high/CD43–) were detected in the CD19+/CD43– population by staining with a fluorochrome-conjugated anti-mouse CD21 monoclonal antibody and an Alexa Fluor® 700-conjugated Rat Anti-Mouse CD1d Monoclonal Antibody (Novus Biologicals, Catalog # NBP1-43461AF700). CD1dmid/CD21low and CD1dhigh/CD21high cells were gated. (C) Follicular B-2 cells (CD1dmid/CD21low) and marginal zone B-2 cells (CD1dhigh/CD21high) were stained for CD21 and CD23 using a fluorochrome-conjugated anti-mouse CD21 monoclonal antibody and an Alexa Fluor® 594-conjugated Rat Anti-Mouse CD23/ Fc epsilon RII Monoclonal Antibody (R&D Systems, Catalog # FAB6900T).
Detection of IgD and IgM on Follicular and Marginal Zone B-2 Cells from Mouse Splenocytes. (A) C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes were stained with an Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated Rat Anti-Mouse CD43 Monoclonal Antibody (Novus Biologicals, Catalog # NBP1-43413AF488) and a PE-conjugated Rat Anti-Mouse CD19 Monoclonal Antibody (Novus Biologicals, Catalog # NBP2-24966). CD19mid/CD43– cells were gated. (B) Follicular B-2 cells (CD19mid/CD1dmid/CD23+/CD21low/CD43–) and marginal zone B-2 cells (CD19mid/CD1dhigh/CD23–/CD21high/ CD43–) were detected in CD19+/CD43– population by staining with a fluorochrome-conjugated anti-mouse CD21 monoclonal antibody and an Alexa Fluor® 594-conjugated Rat Anti-Mouse CD23/Fc epsilon RII Monoclonal Antibody (R&D Systems, Catalog # FAB6900T). CD21low/CD23+ and CD21high/CD23– cells were gated. (C) Expression of IgM and IgD on follicular B-2 (CD19mid/ CD23+/CD21low/CD43–/IgMlow/IgDhigh) and marginal zone B-2 (CD19mid/CD23–/CD21high/CD43–/IgMhigh/IgDlow) cells was detected using an Alexa Fluor® 647-conjugated rat anti-mouse IgD monoclonal antibody and a PE-Cy7-conjugated Rat Anti-Mouse IgM Monoclonal Antibody (Novus Biologicals, Catalog # NBP1-42940).