Recombinant Mouse R-Spondin 4 Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Ala19-Gln228
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
4106-RS
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 200 μg/mL in PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
4106-RS/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 200 μg/mL in PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: R-Spondin 4
R-Spondin 4 (RSPO4, roof plate-specific spondin 4), also called cysteine-rich and single thrombospondin domain containing-4 (Cristin 4), is an ~33 kDa secreted heparin-binding protein that shares ~35% amino acid (aa) identity with three other R-Spondin family members (1-3). All are positive modulators of Wnt/ beta -catenin signaling, but R-Spondin 4 may be somewhat weaker than other R-Spondins (2). R‑Spondins regulate Wnt/ beta -catenin by competing with the Wnt antagonist DKK-1 for binding to the Wnt co-receptors LRP-6 and Kremen, reducing their DKK‑1‑mediated internalization (1, 4). Like other R‑Spondins, mouse R-Spondin 4 (234 aa) contains a signal sequence (aa 1-19), two adjacent cysteine-rich furin-like domains (aa 85-128) with one potential tyrosine phosphorylation site (aa 114), followed by a thrombospondin (TSP-1) motif (aa 137‑197) and a region rich in basic residues (aa 199‑234). The furin-like domains are sufficient for beta -catenin stabilization (2). Mature mouse R‑Spondin 4 shares 81%, 97%, 79%, 77% and 76% aa identity with human, rat, bovine, equine and canine R-Spondin 4, respectively. There is one potential isoform where Arg substitutes for the C‑terminal 82 amino acids (5). Each R‑Spondin has a distinct expression pattern (6). In the mouse, R‑Spondin 4 mRNA is found during development of limb bud mesenchyme, nail beds, heart and teeth (6‑8). In humans, mutations of R‑Spondin 4 have been found to cause anonychia, a condition in which fingernails and toenails are absent (8‑10).
- Nam, J.-S. et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281:13247.
- Kim, K.-A. et al. (2008) Mol. Biol. Cell 19:2588.
- Hendrickx, M. and L. Leyns (2008) Develop. Growth Differ. 50:229.
- Binnerts, M.E. et al. (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:14700.
- Entrez Accession # Q8BJ73, Isoform 2.
- Nam, J.-S. et al. (2007) Gene Expr. Patterns 7:306.
- Pemberton, T.J. et al. (2007) Dev. Dyn. 236:2245.
- Ishii, Y. et al. (2008) J. Invest. Dermatol. 128:867.
- Blaydon, D.C. et al. (2006) Nat. Genet. 38:1245.
- Bergmann, C. et al. (2006) Am. J. Hum. Genet. 79:1105.
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