Recombinant Human NMNAT-1 Protein, CF

Recombinant Human NMNAT-1 Protein, CF Summary

Product Specifications

Product Datasheets

Carrier Free

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: NMNAT-1

NMNAT-1 is expressed in the nuclei of all human tissues, with highest expression in skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, pancreas, and brain (1). The enzyme transfers adenylate from ATP to nicotinamide ribonucleotide or nicotinate ribonucleotide to generate NAD⁺ or deamido-NAD⁺, and is an essential enzyme for the production of nuclear NAD⁺ (2). Nuclear NAD⁺ is required by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), which poly-ADP-ribosylates chromatin in response to DNA strand breaks. NMNAT-1 is known to interact with PARP-1, resulting in its activation, but this interaction with PARP-1 is prevented when NMNAT-1 is phosphorylated at Ser136 (3). Nuclear NAD⁺ levels are also important for the regulation of SIR2 histone deacetylases (4). A naturally occurring Ube4b/NMNAT-1 chimeric protein is directly involved in slowing the degeneration of injured neurons in mice (5). NMNAT activity is required for the activation of tiazofurin, a drug used to treat leukemia (6). Two other NMNAT enzymes are present in humans. NMNAT-2 is localized in the Golgi complex and cytoplasm, and NMNAT-3 is a mitochondrial enzyme (7).