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Human TLR4 Biotinylated Antibody

Catalog #: BAF1478
5 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS
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BAF1478
Product Details
Citations (5)
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Human TLR4 Biotinylated Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Human
Specificity
Detects human TLR4 in Western blots. In Western blots, approximately 10% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse (rm) TLR4 is observed and less than 5% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) TLR1, rhTLR2, rhTLR3, and rmTLR6 is observed.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human TLR4
Glu24-Lys631
Accession # O00206
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Label
Biotin

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Flow Cytometry
2.5 µg/106 cells
U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: TLR4

TLR4 is a 100 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the mammalian Toll-Like Receptor family of pathogen pattern recognition molecules. MD-2, also known as ESOP-1, is a 25 kDa secreted protein that is required for TLR4-mediated responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1-3). The human TLR4 cDNA encodes an 839 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 23 aa signal sequence, a 608 aa extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 187 aa cytoplasmic domain. TLR4 contains 21 leucine rich repeats in its ECD and one cytoplasmic Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain (4). The ECD of human TLR4 shares approximately 25% aa sequence identity with other TLRs and 60-74% aa sequence identity with bovine, equine, feline, mouse, rat, and porcine TLR4. The human MD‑2 cDNA encodes a 160 aa precursor with an 18 aa signal sequence (5). Human MD-2 shares 20% aa sequence identity with MD-1 and 62-64% aa sequence identity with bovine, mouse, and rat MD-2. MD-2 associates with TLR4 on monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells (5-7). MD-2 expression is required for cell surface localization of TLR4 and for optimal LPS-induced TLR4 signaling (7, 8). MD-2 also forms soluble disulfide-linked homo-oligomers which can interact with TLR4 (6). Through a domain separate from its TLR4-binding domain, MD-2 extracts LPS from circulating CD14-LPS complexes and carries the LPS into a ternary complex with TLR4 (9-11). The interaction of MD-2/LPS with TLR4 induces receptor oligomerization and the triggering of an inflammatory response (12). Increased levels of plasma MD-2 in septic shock patients sensitizes MD-2 non-expressing epithelial cells to LPS and promotes widespread tissue inflammation (13).

References
  1. Gangloff, M. and N.J. Gay (2004) Trends Biochem. Sci. 29:294.
  2. Palsson-McDermott, E.M. and L.A. O’Neill (2004) Immunology 113:153.
  3. Miyake, K. (2004) Semin. Immunol. 16:11.
  4. Medzhitov, R. et al. (1997) Nature 388:394.
  5. Shimazu, R. et al. (1999) J. Exp. Med. 189:1777.
  6. Visintin, A. et al. (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:12156.
  7. Akashi, S. et al. (2000) J. Immunol. 164:3471.
  8. Nagai, Y. et al. (2002) Nat. Immunol. 3:667.
  9. Re, F. and J.L. Strominger (2003) J. Immunol. 171:5272.
  10. Kennedy, M.N. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:34698.
  11. Gioannini, T.L. et al. (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:4186.
  12. Saitoh, S. et al. (2004) J. Endotoxin Res. 10:257.
  13. Pugin, J. et al. (2004) Blood 104:4071.
Long Name
Toll-like Receptor 4
Entrez Gene IDs
7099 (Human); 21898 (Mouse); 29260 (Rat)
Alternate Names
ARMD10; CD_antigen: CD284; CD284 antigen; CD284; EC 3.2.2.6; EC:3.2.2.6; homolog of Drosophila toll; hToll; TLR4; TLR-4; toll like receptor 4 protein; TOLL; toll-like receptor 4

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Citations for Human TLR4 Biotinylated Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

5 Citations: Showing 1 - 5
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  1. Characterization of a Cutibacterium acnes Camp Factor 1-Related Peptide as a New TLR-2 Modulator in In Vitro and Ex Vivo Models of Inflammation
    Authors: C Mayslich, PA Grange, M Castela, AG Marcelin, V Calvez, N Dupin
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022-05-03;23(9):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Protein
    Applications: Western Blot
  2. TLR-2 Recognizes Propionibacterium acnes CAMP Factor 1 from Highly Inflammatory Strains
    PLoS ONE, 2016-11-30;11(11):e0167237.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
    Applications: Western Blot
  3. VB-201, an oxidized phospholipid small molecule, inhibits CD14- and Toll-like receptor-2-dependent innate cell activation and constrains atherosclerosis.
    Authors: Mendel I, Feige E, Yacov N, Salem Y, Levi I, Propheta-Meiran O, Shoham A, Ishai E, George J, Harats D, Breitbart E
    Clin Exp Immunol, 2014-01-01;175(1):126-37.
    Species: Human, Mouse
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot
  4. Iris pigment epithelial cells express a functional lipopolysaccharide receptor complex.
    Authors: Chui JJ, Li MW, Di Girolamo N, Chang JH, McCluskey PJ, Wakefield D
    Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2009-12-17;51(5):2558-67.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot
  5. Wnt5a is expressed in murine and human atherosclerotic lesions.
    Authors: Christman MA, Goetz DJ, Dickerson E, McCall KD, Lewis CJ, Benencia F, Silver MJ, Kohn LD, Malgor R
    Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 2008-05-02;294(6):H2864-70.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-P

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