Home / IGF-II/IGF2 / Human IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody

Human IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody

Catalog #: AF-292-NA
18 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS
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AF-292-NA
AF-292-SP
Cell Proliferation Induced by IGF-II/IGF2 and Neutralization by Human IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody.
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Citations (18)
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Human IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Human
Specificity
Detects human IGF-II/IGF2 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 60% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse IGF-II/IGF2 is observed and less than 1% cross-reactivity with recombinant human IGF-I/IGF1 is observed.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
E. coli-derived recombinant human IGF-II/IGF2
Ala25-Glu91
Accession # P01344
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
Label
Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 (Catalog # 292-G2)
Immunohistochemistry
5-15 µg/mL
See below
Neutralization
Measured by its ability to neutralize IGF-II/IGF2-induced proliferation in the MCF‑7 human breast cancer cell line [Karey, K.P. et al. (1988) Cancer Research 48:4083]. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.2-0.8 µg/mL in the presence of 14 ng/mL Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Neutralization Cell Proliferation Induced by IGF-II/IGF2 and Neutralization by Human IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody. View Larger

Cell Proliferation Induced by IGF-II/IGF2 and Neutralization by Human IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody. Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 (Catalog # 292-G2) stimulates proliferation in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Human IGF-II/IGF2 (14 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Human IGF-II/IGF2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-292-NA). The ND50 is typically 0.2-0.8 µg/mL.

Immunohistochemistry IGF-II/IGF2 antibody in Human Placenta by Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P). View Larger

IGF-II/IGF2 in Human Placenta. IGF-II/IGF2 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human placenta (chorionic villi) using 5 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human IGF-II/IGF2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-292-NA) overnight at 4 °C. Before incubation with the primary antibody tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # CTS013). Tissue was stained with the Anti-Goat HRP-AEC Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (red; Catalog # CTS009) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.

Western Blot Detection of Human IGF-II/IGF2 by Western Blot View Larger

Detection of Human IGF-II/IGF2 by Western Blot Clinical relevance of tumour IGF2 and stromal VEGF axis.(a) Western blot showing expression of IGF2 in ESCC (T) and matched non-tumour specimens (N), as well as expression of VEGF and alpha -SMA in CAFs and matched NEF from 11 ESCC patients. (b) Graphs showing positive correlation between IGF2 expression in oesophageal tissue and expressions of VEGF (left panel) and alpha -SMA (right panel) in fibroblasts, respectively, in 11 pairs of ESCC and adjacent normal tissues. Correlation was assessed using Pearson's rank correlation coefficient. (c) Comparison of serum IGF2 (left panel) and VEGF (middle panel) levels between healthy individuals (n=50) and ESCC patients (n=100); the data were pooled and a positive correlation was found between serum VEGF and IGF2 levels (n=150) (right panel) using unpaired t-test. (d) Gene expressions were further divided into high and low levels using median expression level as the cut-off point for survival analyses. Kaplan–Meier curves comparing survival outcome of ESCC patients (n=100) with high and low serum IGF2 levels (left panel), high and low serum VEGF levels (middle panel), and IGF2 High/VEGF High and IGF2 Low/VEGF Low levels (right panel); statistical significance was calculated by log-rank test. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14399), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: IGF-II/IGF2

Insulin-like growth factor I (also known as somatomedin C and somatomedin A) and insulin-like growth factor II (multiplication stimulating activity or MSA) belong to the family of insulin-like growth factors that are structurally homologous to proinsulin. Mature IGF-I and IGF-II share approximately 70% sequence identity. Both IGF-I and IGF-II are expressed in many tissues and cell types and may have autocrine, paracrine and endocrine functions. Mature IGF-I and IGF-II are highly conserved (100% identity between human, bovine, and porcine proteins) and exhibit cross-species activity.

IGF-II is a potent mitogenic growth factor. However, unlike IGF-I which has important postnatal roles, the growth-promoting function of IGF-II is limited to embryonic development.

Two specific cell surface receptors that bind IGF-I and IGF-II have been identified. The type I IGF receptor that participates in IGF signaling is structurally related to the insulin receptor. It is a disulfide-linked heterotetrameric transmembrane glycoprotein with an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. Type I IGF receptor binds IGF-I with higher affinity than IGF-II. The type II IGF receptor which binds IGF-II with much higher affinity than IGF-I is also the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor. At the present time, it is not known if the type II IGF receptor participates in the IGF signaling pathway. An additional unknown receptor which mediates IGF‑II signaling has also been proposed. Circulating IGFs exist in complexes bound to IGF binding proteins. Currently, at least six high affinity binding proteins have been identified.

Long Name
Insulin-like Growth Factor II
Entrez Gene IDs
3481 (Human); 16002 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
C11orf43; chromosome 11 open reading frame 43; FLJ22066; FLJ44734; GRDF; IGF2; IGF-2; IGFII; IGF-II; insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A); insulin-like growth factor II; insulin-like growth factor type 2; MSA; PEG2; PP9974; somatomedin-A

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Citations for Human IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

18 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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  1. PRC2 Heterogeneity Drives Tumor Growth in Medulloblastoma
    Authors: J Yi, B Kim, X Shi, X Zhan, QR Lu, Z Xuan, J Wu
    Cancer Research, 2022-08-16;0(0):.
  2. IGF and mTOR pathway expression and in vitro effects of linsitinib and mTOR inhibitors in adrenocortical cancer
    Authors: De Martino MC, van Koetsveld PM, Feelders RA et al.
    Endocrine
  3. Tobacco-induced hyperglycemia promotes lung cancer progression via cancer cell-macrophage interaction through paracrine IGF2/IR/NPM1-driven PD-L1 expression
    Authors: Jang, HJ;Min, HY;Kang, YP;Boo, HJ;Kim, J;Ahn, JH;Oh, SH;Jung, JH;Park, CS;Park, JS;Kim, SY;Lee, HY;
    Nature communications
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Neutralization
  4. Novel Isoform DTX3c Associates with UBE2N-UBA1 and Cdc48/p97 as Part of the EphB4 Degradation Complex Regulated by the Autocrine IGF-II/IRA Signal in Malignant Mesothelioma
    Authors: P Scalia, C Merali, C Barrero, A Suma, V Carnevale, S Merali, SJ Williams
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2023-04-17;24(8):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Neutralization
  5. Insulin-like growth factor II prevents oxidative and neuronal damage in cellular and mice models of Parkinson's disease
    Authors: E Martín-Mon, N Valverde, D Ladrón de, E Lara, YS Romero-Zer, C Millon, F Boraldi, F Ávila-Gámi, AM Pérez-Cano, P Garrido-Gi, JL Labandeira, LJ Santin, J Pavia, M Garcia-Fer
    Redox Biology, 2021-08-08;46(0):102095.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Neutralization
  6. Mesenchyme-derived IGF2 is a major paracrine regulator of pancreatic growth and function
    Authors: CM Hammerle, I Sandovici, GV Brierley, NM Smith, WE Zimmer, I Zvetkova, HM Prosser, Y Sekita, BYH Lam, M Ma, WN Cooper, A Vidal-Puig, SE Ozanne, G Medina-Góm, M Constância
    PLoS Genet, 2020-10-15;16(10):e1009069.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Serum
    Applications: Western Blot
  7. Streamlined circular proximity ligation assay provides high stringency and compatibility with low-affinity antibodies
    Authors: R Jalili, J Horecka, JR Swartz, RW Davis, HHJ Persson
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2018-01-16;0(0):.
    Applications: Affinity Assay
  8. A journey through growth plates: tracking differences in morphology and regulation between the spine and long bones in a pig model
    Authors: A Raimann, A Javanmardi, M Egerbacher, G Haeusler
    Spine J, 2017-06-20;0(0):.
    Species: Porcine
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC
  9. Cancer cell-secreted IGF2 instigates fibroblasts and bone marrow-derived vascular progenitor cells to promote cancer progression
    Authors: WW Xu, B Li, XY Guan, SK Chung, Y Wang, YL Yip, SY Law, KT Chan, NP Lee, KW Chan, LY Xu, EM Li, SW Tsao, QY He, AL Cheung
    Nat Commun, 2017-02-10;8(0):14399.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Neutralization
  10. A subset of bone marrow stromal cells regulate ATP-binding cassette gene expression via insulin-like growth factor-I in a leukemia cell line.
    Authors: Benabbou N, Mirshahi P, Bordu C, Faussat A, Tang R, Therwath A, Soria J, Marie J, Mirshahi M
    Int J Oncol, 2014-07-29;45(4):1372-80.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: ICC
  11. 'Big'-insulin-like growth factor-II signaling is an autocrine survival pathway in gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
    Authors: Rikhof B, van der Graaf WT, Suurmeijer AJ, van Doorn J, Meersma GJ, Groenen PJ, Schuuring EM, Meijer C, de Jong S
    Am. J. Pathol., 2012-05-29;181(1):303-12.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates, Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC, Western Blot
  12. Insulin-like growth factor-II is increased in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary fibrosis and contributes to the fibrotic process via Jun N-terminal kinase- and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-dependent pathways.
    Authors: Hsu E, Feghali-Bostwick CA
    Am. J. Pathol., 2008-05-08;172(6):1580-90.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells, Whole Tissue
    Applications: ICC, IHC-P
  13. Development and validation of sandwich ELISA microarrays with minimal assay interference.
    Authors: Gonzalez RM, Seurynck-Servoss SL, Crowley SA
    J. Proteome Res., 2008-04-19;7(6):2406-14.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Serum
    Applications: ELISA Microarray Development
  14. The role of matrix metalloproteinase-7 in redefining the gastric microenvironment in response to Helicobacter pylori.
    Authors: McCaig C, Duval C, Hemers E, Steele I, Pritchard DM, Przemeck S, Dimaline R, Ahmed S, Bodger K, Kerrigan DD, Wang TC, Dockray GJ, Varro A
    Gastroenterology, 2006-03-06;130(6):1754-63.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot
  15. Exploration of global gene expression in human liver steatosis by high-density oligonucleotide microarray.
    Authors: Chiappini F, Barrier A, Saffroy R, Domart MC, Dagues N, Azoulay D, Sebagh M, Franc B, Chevalier S, Debuire B, Dudoit S, Lemoine A
    Lab. Invest., 2006-02-01;86(2):154-65.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC
  16. Conversion to stem-cell state in response to microenvironmental cues is regulated by balance between epithelial and mesenchymal features in lung cancer cells
    Authors: Francesca Andriani, Giulia Bertolini, Federica Facchinetti, Erika Baldoli, Massimo Moro, Patrizia Casalini et al.
    Molecular Oncology
  17. Integrated Genomic Analysis Identifies Driver Genes and Cisplatin-Resistant Progenitor Phenotype in Pediatric Liver Cancer
    Authors: Theo Z. Hirsch, Jill Pilet, Guillaume Morcrette, Amélie Roehrig, Benedict J.E. Monteiro, Laura Molina et al.
    Cancer Discovery
  18. The imprinted Igf2-Igf2r axis is critical for matching placental microvasculature expansion to fetal growth
    Authors: Ionel Sandovici, Aikaterini Georgopoulou, Vicente Pérez-García, Antonia Hufnagel, Jorge López-Tello, Brian Y.H. Lam et al.
    Developmental Cell

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