Human CXCL12/SDF-1 beta Antibody

Catalog #: AF-351-NA
1 Citation Datasheet / COA / SDS

Catalog #	Availability	Size / Price	Qty
AF-351-NA
AF-351-SP

Chemotaxis Induced by CXCL12/SDF‑1 beta and Neutral-ization by Human CXCL12/ SDF‑1 beta Antibody.

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Human CXCL12/SDF-1 beta Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity

Human

Specificity

Detects human CXCL12/SDF‑1 beta in direct ELISAs and Western blots. Neutralizes 60‑80% of the biological activity of CXCL12/SDF-1 beta and does not neutralize the biological activity of SDF‑1 alpha. In Western blots, less than 5% cross-reactivity with recombinant human SDF-1 alpha is observed.

Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG

Purification

Antigen Affinity-purified

Immunogen

E. coli-derived recombinant human CXCL12/SDF‑1 beta
Lys22-Met93
Accession # P48061

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Applications

Recommended Concentration

Sample

Western Blot

0.1 µg/mL

Recombinant Human/Feline CXCL12/SDF‑1 beta aa 19-93 (Catalog # 2716-SD)

Neutralization

Measured by its ability to neutralize CXCL12/SDF‑1 beta -induced chemotaxis in the BaF3 mouse pro‑B cell line transfected with human CXCR4. The Neutralization Dose (ND₅₀) is typically 10-30 µg/mL in the presence of 10 ng/mL Recombinant Human/Feline CXCL12/SDF‑1 beta.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Neutralization

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Chemotaxis Induced by CXCL12/SDF‑1 beta and Neutral-ization by Human CXCL12/ SDF‑1 beta Antibody. Recombinant Human/Feline CXCL12/SDF-1 beta chemo-attracts the BaF3 mouse pro-B cell line transfected with human CXCR4 in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). The amount of cells that migrated through to the lower chemotaxis chamber was measured by Resazurin (Catalog # AR002). Chemotaxis elicited by Recombinant Human/Feline CXCL12/ SDF-1 beta (10 ng/mL) is neutral-ized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Human CXCL12/SDF-1 beta Anti-gen Affinity-purified Poly-clonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-351-NA). The ND₅₀ is typically 10-30 µg/mL.

Reconstitution Calculator

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: CXCL12/SDF-1 beta

CXCL12, also known as SCYB12, PBSF and SDF-1 beta, is an 8.3 kDa, heparin-binding member of the CXC (or alpha-) family of chemokines (1, 2). Feline CXCL12( beta ) is synthesized as a 93 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 21 aa signal sequence and a 72 aa mature region (3). The mature molecule exhibits a typical three antiparallel beta -strand chemokine-like fold. There are no potential N-linked glycosylation sites. N-terminal aa’s 1 - 8 form a receptor binding site, while aa’s 1 and 2 (Lys-Pro) are involved in receptor activation (4). The C-terminus is likely associated with heparin binding (5). SDF-1 beta circulates and undergoes proteolytic processing. CD26 will remove the first two N-terminal amino acids, possibly creating a reduced-activity chemokine (5, 6). In addition to the beta -isoform, alternate splicing of the feline SDF-1 gene generates an alpha -isoform. The alpha isoform is identical to SDF-1 beta, but shorter by four aa’s at the C-terminus (3). Although alpha - and beta -isoforms show similar activity, SDF-1 alpha is differentially processed, and different cells secrete the two isoforms (5, 7). Mature feline SDF-1 beta is 96%, 97% and 100% aa identical to rat, mouse and human SDF-1 beta, respectively. Human (and by inference, feline) SDF-1 is active on mouse cells. SDF-1 alpha and beta are reported to be monomers at neutral pH and physiologic ionic strength (4). SDF-1 alpha is also reported to form dimers in the presence of heparansulfate (8). On the cell surface, this may well facilitate SDF-1 interaction with its two receptors, CXCR4 and syndecan-4 (9). Heparin sulfate is known to protect SDF-1 from proteolysis, and CXCR4 exists constitutively as a dimer (9 - 11). Among its many functions, CXCL12 is known to influence lymphopoiesis, regulate patterning and cell number of neural progenitors, and promote angiogenesis (12, 13). It also enhances the survival of myeloid progenitor cells.

References

Zlotnik, A. and O. Yoshie (2000) Immunity 12:121.
Rollins, B.J. (1997) Blood 90:909.
Nishimura, Y. et al. (1998) Eur. J. Immunogenet. 25:303.
Crump, M.P. et al. (1997) EMBO J. 16:6996.
Sierra, M.D. L. et al. (2004) Blood 103:2452.
Davis, D.A. et al. (2005) Blood 105:4561.
Stumm, R.K. et al. (2002) J. Neurosci. 22:5865.
Veldkamp, C.T. et al. (2005) Protein Sci. 14:1071.
Charnaux, N. et al. (2005) FEBS J. 272:1937.
Percherancier, Y. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:9895.
Babcock, G.J. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:3378.
Klein, R.S. et al. (2004) Trends Immunol. 25:306.
Salcedo, R. and J.J. Oppenheim (2003) Microcirculation 10:359.
Broxmeyer, H.E. et al. (2003) J. Leukoc. Biol. 73:630.

Entrez Gene IDs

6387 (Human); 20315 (Mouse); 493806 (Feline)

Alternate Names

CXCL12/SDF-1 beta; hSDF-1beta; SDF 1beta; SDF1 beta; SDF1b

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Citation for Human CXCL12/SDF-1 beta Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

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