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Human Activin RIB/ALK-4 Antibody

Catalog #: AF222
3 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS
Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
AF222
AF222-SP
Detection of Human Activin RIB/ALK‑4 by Western Blot.
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Citations (3)
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Human Activin RIB/ALK-4 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Human
Specificity
Detects human Activin RIB/ALK-4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 20% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) Activin RIA is observed and less than 2% cross-reactivity with rhActivin RIIA and rhActivin RIIB is observed.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human Activin RIB
Leu32-Glu126
Accession # AAA60556
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
Label
Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
1 µg/mL
See below
Blockade of Receptor-ligand Interaction
In a functional ELISA, 0.5-2 µg/mL of this antibody will block 50% of the binding of 50 ng/mL of Recombinant Human Cripto 1 (Catalog # 145-CR) to immobilized Recombinant Human Activin RIB/ALK-4 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 808-AR) coated at 2 µg/mL (100 µL/well). At 20 μg/mL, this antibody will block >90% of the binding.
 
Knockout Validated
Activin RIB/ALK‑4 is specifically detected in HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line but is not detectable in Activin RIB/ALK‑4 knockout HeLa cell line.
 

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Western Blot Detection of Human Activin RIB/ALK-4 antibody by Western Blot. View Larger

Detection of Human Activin RIB/ALK‑4 by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of A549 human lung carcinoma cell line, HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma cell line, and HEK293T human embryonic kidney cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human Activin RIB/ALK-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF222) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for Activin RIB/ALK-4 at approximately 70 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

Knockout Validated Western Blot Shows Human Activin RIB/ALK-4 Antibody Specificity by Using Knockout Cell Line. View Larger

Western Blot Shows Human Activin RIB/ALK‑4 Specificity by Using Knockout Cell Line. Western blot shows lysates of HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line and Activin RIB/ALK-4 knockout HeLa cell line (KO). PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human Activin RIB/ALK-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF222) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for Activin RIB/ALK-4 at approximately 70 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in knockout HeLa cell line. GAPDH (Catalog # AF5718) is shown as a loading control. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: Activin RIB/ALK-4

Activin RIB, also known as ALK4, is a glycosylated 58 kDa type I receptor in the superfamily of TGF-beta serine/threonine kinase receptors. Activin RIB associates with Activin RIIB to form a receptor complex for activin and inhibin molecules (1). These ligands bind to Activin RIIB which then associates with and phosphorylates the cytoplasmic domain of Activin RIB to initiate signal transduction (2, 3). Mature human Activin RIB consists of a 103 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD), a 23 aa transmembrane segment, and a 356 aa cytoplasmic region that includes the kinase domain (4). Within the ECD, human Activin RIB shares 93% and 95% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat Activin RIB, respectively. It shares 25% - 35% aa sequence identity with other human type I receptors Activin RIA, Activin RIC, BMPR-IA, BMPR-IB, and TGF-beta R1. Alternately spliced isoforms of Activin RIB have deletions in the cytoplasmic domain and function as dominant negative inhibitors of activin signaling (5, 6). Activin receptor signaling is modulated by the direct interaction of Activin RIB with cripto or inhibin binding protein (7-9). Activin RIB is excluded from the signaling complex if Activin RIIB first binds inhibin and betaglycan (10). Activin RIB functions in a wide variety of growth and differentiation processes, including embryonic cell fate and axis determination, cell proliferation and apoptosis, and tumorigenesis (1, 11, 12).

References
  1. Chen, Y- G. et al. (2006) Exp. Biol. Med. 231:534. 
  2. Attisano, L. et al. (1996) Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1066. 
  3. Tsuchida, K. et al. (1995) Endocrinology 136:5493. 
  4. ten Dijke, P. et al. (1993) Oncogene 8:2879. 
  5. Xu, J. et al. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:7957. 
  6. Zhou, Y. et al. (2000) Mol. Endocrinol. 14:2066. 
  7. Chapman, S.C. and T.K. Woodruff (2001) Mol. Endocrinol. 15:668.
  8. Bianco, C. et al. (2002) Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:2586.
  9. Gray, P.C. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100:5193.
  10. Lewis, K.A. et al. (2000) Nature 404:411.
  11. Gu, Z. et al. (1998) Genes Dev. 12:844.
  12. Chen, Y. et al. (2004) Dev. Biol. 268:280.
Long Name
Activin Receptor IB
Entrez Gene IDs
91 (Human); 11479 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
activin A receptor, type IB; Activin receptor type IB; Activin receptor-like kinase 4; Activin RIB; ActivinRIB; ACTRIB; ACVR1B; ACVRLK4ACTR-IB; ALK4; ALK-4; ALK4activin A receptor, type II-like kinase 4; EC 2.7.11; EC 2.7.11.30; Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor R2; SKR2activin receptor type-1B

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Citations for Human Activin RIB/ALK-4 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

3 Citations: Showing 1 - 3
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  1. Homozygous deletion of the activin A receptor, type IB gene is associated with an aggressive cancer phenotype in pancreatic cancer.
    Authors: Togashi, Yosuke, Sakamoto, Hiroki, Hayashi, Hidetosh, Terashima, Masato, de Velasco, Marco A, Fujita, Yoshihik, Kodera, Yasuo, Sakai, Kazuko, Tomida, Shuta, Kitano, Masayuki, Ito, Akihiko, Kudo, Masatosh, Nishio, Kazuto
    Mol Cancer, 2014-05-27;13(0):126.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot
  2. Activin A is an endogenous inhibitor of ureteric bud outgrowth from the Wolffian duct.
    Authors: Maeshima A, Vaughn DA, Choi Y, Nigam SK
    Dev. Biol., 2006-04-27;295(2):473-85.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC
  3. Follicle-restricted compartmentalization of transforming growth factor beta superfamily ligands in the feline ovary.
    Authors: Bristol SK, Woodruff TK
    Biol. Reprod., 2003-12-03;70(3):846-59.
    Species: Feline
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-P

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